It starts in the family doctor's or paediatrician's office. First, the family doctor or paediatrician will assess the child's development – their height and weight – and measure their blood pressure. The child's sight and hearing are checked. Completely healthy children are rare, perhaps only 1 in 10. Even if a child is completely healthy, in addition to the family doctor they will also have to visit the dentist's office. Getting an assessment of the teeth is compulsory. A dental check-up really is useful – sometimes the child is offered sealants, and for bite problems the child is referred to an orthodontist for a consultation. If the family doctor has any doubts, they refer the child to ‘second-level’ specialists – a neurologist, cardiologist, endocrinologist and so on. The back suffers most. Today's children spend a great deal of time at the computer and move less, so around 90% of school-age children have spine and posture problems. When this is noticed, the child is referred to an orthopaedist or traumatologist, who assess the condition of the spine, and a rehabilitation specialist recommends exercises or sport. A one-off massage or wearing a back brace doesn't give the desired result – the child needs to be taught to strengthen their back muscles. It has been noticed that in children who play handball, one side of the body can become stronger. In that case it's recommended to attend activities that synchronise both sides of the body – swimming or dancing. A frequent problem is the eyes. The child's vision is checked during the initial examination. Even if the child sees well and has no squint, they may be referred to an eye doctor for a consultation if the parents notice that the child often rubs their eyes and that they are dry and red. Eye fatigue is the first sign that vision may be starting to weaken. A blood test – at least once a year. During the health check the doctor may order a full blood count. Blood and urine tests can show the general state of the child's body or serious illnesses just beginning. If the child is overweight or has raised blood pressure, their blood sugar level will also be tested. Every year the number of obese children grows, and raised blood pressure appears in ever younger ones. Many teenagers already have this problem, which is no longer corrected by diet or lifestyle but by medication. It happens that children who were very overweight lose 10–15 kilograms and their blood pressure regulates itself. Skin conditions: sometimes parents no longer notice that a child's skin has a rash, that they have allergic dermatitis or psoriasis. During a preventive check the family doctor can give a referral to a dermatologist or allergist. Whether they have worms: before a child starts attending a pre-school or primary education institution and when moving to another such institution, helminthological tests of scrapings and stools are carried out as a precaution. They show whether the child is infected with worms. After the summer holidays children are very often infected with worms. It's a big problem if there are infected children in a nursery group or class and they are not treated – other children can be infected too. The vaccination schedule is reviewed. A preventive health check is a great opportunity to check the compulsory vaccination schedule – whether the child has had all the vaccinations required for their age. There is currently a law in Lithuania that children not vaccinated with the compulsory vaccinations cannot attend pre-school education institutions. Summer is the best time to take care of the necessary certificate and to examine the child's health thoroughly.